Renault's chief Luca de Meo warned that European car makers could face 15 billion euros in fines if they fail to meet EU emissions rules, calling for "some flexibility" as electric car sales slow on the continent.
He said the industry might have to reduce production by over 2.5 million vehicles or pay the penalties.
De Meo, who also leads the European Automobile Manufacturers Association, emphasised the need for flexibility in setting deadlines and fines, citing the challenges of the EV market, including high prices, slow charging infrastructure, and uncertainty around subsidies.