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The widespread adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) worldwide, along with the emergence of new technologies, might exacerbate technological disparities, putting many developing countries at risk of losing out on the advantages of AI.
This insight comes from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), which indicated that the AI market could approach $4.8 trillion by 2033, potentially affecting 40 percent of jobs globally.
UNCTAD shared this information in its Technology and Innovation Report 2025, which outlines policy recommendations for nations looking to align AI advancements with their socio-economic objectives.
The report suggests that while the future of AI appears promising, it could create new divides as its benefits are likely to be distributed unevenly across different regions. It cautions that while AI is revolutionizing economies and generating opportunities, it could also exacerbate inequality.
The findings indicate that AI can serve as a robust tool for advancement, but it is not automatically inclusive. Countries are urged to take action promptly by investing in digital infrastructure, enhancing capabilities, and strengthening AI governance to tap into AI's potential for sustainable development.
UNCTAD emphasized its growing influence in the realm of digital transformation. However, the availability of AI infrastructure and expertise remains limited to a select few economies. The report revealed that about 100 companies, mainly from the U.S. and China, constitute 40 percent of the global corporate R&D expenditure.
According to the report, leading technology companies like Apple, Nvidia, and Microsoft boast market values near $3 trillion, comparable to the total GDP of the entire African continent.
The report pointed out that AI is reshaping economic prospects, positioning technology, innovation, and knowledge-driven services as central to national development strategies.
Regarding industrial responsibility, UNCTAD noted that, akin to the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) framework, an AI-specific public disclosure mechanism could enhance accountability and translate global commitments into significant outcomes.
